27 Main Different Types of Windows in Building | Uses of Different Types of Windows
27 Different Types of Windows in Building
What’s the difference between a casement window and a double-hung window?
Windows are openings in a building that allow natural light and some air, along with privacy, to enter the building.
Modern windows are generally glazed or coated in some other transparent or translucent material, with a sash set in a frame in the aperture; both the sash and the frame are referred to as a window.
Many glass windows may be opened to provide air or closed to keep out bad weather. Windows may feature a latch or other similar device that locks the window shut or holds it open by varying degrees.
Furthermore, many modern windows may include a window screen or mesh (typically made of aluminum or fiberglass) to keep pests and insects out when the window is opened.
Types of Windows in Building
This article will give you an overview of the two most common types of window systems and a little more detail on what type you should choose, depending on your needs.
1. Sliding Windows
In the simplest terms, a sliding window is one that opens by sliding horizontally on a track, so that only about half of the window’s glass area is exposed at any given time.
Sliding windows are the most widely used type of window in the world because unlike many other types of windows, they are very space-efficient and cost-effective.
Sliding windows can be either horizontal or vertical. In a horizontal sliding window, the track is mounted vertically on one side while a vertical track is mounted horizontally on the other.
A vertical sliding window has a vertical track that rotates around a vertical post located at the bottom of the frame. In a second type of sliding window, the glass is attached to the top sash of a double-hung window. It moves both up and down, while the bottom sash stays put.
In addition to these two systems, there are also folding or sliding patio doors that consist of several horizontal sliding windows which can be opened up like a pair of wide double doors.
There are several types of windows that open vertically; however, they do not slide horizontally on tracks but rather pivot on an axis parallel to their length.
2. Pivoted Or Hinged Windows
Three types of pivoted windows can be generally defined: the types are either hinged or pivot system, horizontal hinging window, and vertical pivoting window.
The system basically consists of a pair of spring-loaded hinges that open the window outwards to provide a large opening and an inward closing mechanism to close the window when it is in its inner position.
3. Casement Windows
Casement windows are a type of window that swings outward from its frame on hinges. The casement window is narrower than other window types, and its sashes pivot on a horizontal axis.
A casement window is distinguished from other types of windows by the presence of one or two hinges on the side of the window positioned vertically along the frame.
One hinge is at the top and one on bottom; however, different models have different numbers of hinges per sash.
Casement windows can either be single-pane or double-pane. A double casement window has a groove between the pane glass and the sash glass, which creates an opening for air to flow through.
4. Awning Windows
Awning windows usually have hinged sashes that swing outward from the window frame in a similar fashion to casement windows, but are fixed in an open position unlike casement windows.
An awning window is most commonly found on the top floor of a building that has several storeys or levels.
5. Fixed-Frame or Double-Hung Windows
The fixed frame window is the oldest and simplest type of window. It consists of two movable sashes that are attached to each other by pivots on the upper edge, while the lower edges are secured to the frame with hinges attached to a crosspiece. The crosspiece can be a mullion or a transom.
Double-hung windows are similar to fixed-frame windows, but they have two sashes instead of one that slide up and down in the frame.
However, unlike single-hung windows (see below), the upper sash is counterbalanced by weights or pulleys so that it does not drop when it is raised.
6. Louvered Windows
Louvered windows are the most common type of window in the Southeast US. They are also called screened windows because they have an upper sash with very narrow vertical slats or panels known as louver blades.
The blades, sometimes measuring only 4mm in width, provide ventilation and shade, but do not offer privacy. They can be opened to any position from fully closed to fully open.
There are two types of louvered windows: the common louver and semi-louvered. Common louver windows are usually double-hung and consist of a pair of sashes, each with its own fixed window frame.
The lower sash is located on a track, while the upper one pivots on top of the lower one. They are now made from aluminum, but in their original form were usually made of wood or metal.
A semi-louvered window consists of a fixed pane at the bottom that opens vertically and a pair of louvers at the top.
The sashes are usually made of aluminum, wood, or sometimes vinyl. The louver blades usually measure about 11/2 inches in width and are positioned about an inch from the frame.
7. Dormer Windows
Dormer or attic windows are usually small windows, with a small frame or no frame at all, and are installed in the gable (the triangular roof) of a building.
They may also be located in the sidewall of a building. Dormer windows provide additional natural light and ventilation to attic spaces, and light up rooms below them. They also add architectural decoration to a home.
Dormer windows can either be single-pane or double-pane. A single dormer window has a single pane of glass extending up and out through the frame, whereas a double dormer window has two.
8. Gable Windows
Gable windows resemble dormer windows, except that they project vertically from the roof of a building, not horizontally as do dormers.
Gable windows are usually installed in the gable-end of a building, either on the exterior or in the interior.
Gable windows should be installed, if possible, on the exterior side of buildings since they can provide extra natural light to rooms below and ventilation to the attic space.
If placed on an interior wall, gable windows can add insulation and warmth to a room. Gable windows also enhance architectural features of a home.
9. Bay Windows
Bay windows are basically projections of a single room or interior hall into an open space such as an outside wall.
It is a structure that extends out and juts outwards from the main building with two or more sides and an additional story or mezzanine. It can be enclosed, partially enclosed or fully open.
Bay windows are usually positioned at the end of rooms to make an impact and add architectural decor.
They are usually made of wood and double-hung windows or provide extra natural light to a room. Bay windows may also double as a solarium for additional light during the winter season.
10. Corner Windows
Corner windows are found in three different positions: on the side of the building, the corner of a room, or on the inside of a room. Corner windows provide additional light and ventilation to interior spaces and add architectural decor to a home.
11. Flat Windows
The flat window is a type of fixed glass window with no sash installed directly into a wall. Because it is not connected to a frame, it does not slide up and down in its frame as does casement or double-hung windows. Flat windows are usually installed in the windowsill, but can be placed at various angles.
12. Wall-To-Wall Windows
Wall-to-wall windows are usually flat glass panels that run entirely across a wall and face each other.
They are most commonly found on the outside of a building where they can provide additional natural light to an exterior room.
13. Skylights Windows
Skylights allow natural light to enter a room through skylights and bring in fresh air from outside to cool it during the summer months.
Skylights can also be equipped with skylights that provide light and ventilation on the inside. Skylights usually have a glass lens or reflector to protect the room’s occupants from too much direct sunlight.
Skylight windows (also known as glass slits) are similar to skylights, but they do not allow natural light into a room and are designed to bring in fresh air from outside.
14. Clerestory Windows
Clerestory windows are roof windows that cut through the upper portions of a building’s exterior walls to provide extra light and ventilation.
They are usually long, very narrow rectangular openings in the roof of a building and have two horizontally-mounted sashes.
Clerestory windows provide extra light and ventilation to attic spaces and often double as skylights.
They can also be divided into smaller sashes that can be opened separately, allowing them to be used as venting or lighting devices.
15. Lantern Windows
Lantern windows are roof windows that are mounted on the top portion of a building’s exterior walls.
Lantern windows are usually found in towers or gables and are sometimes referred to as onion domes. They can be rectangular, square, octagonal, or circular in shape.
Lanterns can either be made of wood or metal and are often used as decorative accents on buildings.
Many lanterns come equipped with louvers that can be opened to allow more light into the room or closed when extra privacy is needed.
17. Sash Windows
Sash windows are windows that have movable sashes installed in a track and are typically used in rooms that do not have enough natural light or ventilation.
The sash can be opened, closed or left open to provide better ventilation. Sash windows can be found in both single-pane and double-paned forms.
18. French Windows
French windows are window openings with one leaf or panel that swings up, either manually or automatically via a push button, for added ventilation and light.
19. Picture Windows
Picture windows are usually symmetrically-positioned large windows that provide a panoramic view in an interior space.
These types of windows are usually placed in living rooms, family rooms or in the dining area of a building and have a low sill to allow one to sit and enjoy the scenery from inside.
20. Bow Windows
Bow windows are arched window projections that protrude from the face of a building and jut outwards from it. Bow windows usually project out on both sides of a building and are commonly found in gables, turrets, and in the mansard roof.
Bow windows can be open, semi-open or fully-open and double as skylights during the summer season.
21. Metal Windows
Metal windows are mainly found in industrial buildings, but they can also be installed in homes.
They are usually made of steel or aluminum and have a protective coating applied to them for additional strength and protection.
Metal windows can be found in many different styles, such as plain, ornamental or decorative. They are generally either casement-style or hopper windows that slide vertically up and down along the sash frame.
22. Specialty Windows
Specialty windows have unique features that need to be addressed before installation, such as ventilation or low-e glass.
Specialty windows are very common in commercial buildings and schools, but they can also be installed in homes with proper installation methods.
The most common specialty windows found in homes are picture and specialty casement windows, storm windows and skylights.
23. Aluminum Windows
Aluminum windows are generally used in modern homes and have a high energy efficiency factor (E.E.F). Aluminum frames are made of aluminum and can be found in a myriad of colors, such as bronze, gold, black or silver.
24. Vinyl Windows
Vinyl windows are mainly found in modern homes and have the most energy-efficient rate on the market today, at .36 m²·K/W (metric). These types of windows come equipped with low-e glass for added energy efficiency.
Vinyl windows are made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and can be found in a beige, black or brown color. They have low-e glass installed in them for energy efficiency and come equipped with an A/C unit for added comfort during the summer months.
25. Wood Windows
Wood windows are very common among historic homes and are usually found in enclosed porches, entryways, balconies or by a fireplace, such as on the side of a chimney.
These types of windows are usually made of cedar, pine or cypress and have a direct connection to the house.
Wood windows should not be confused with wood shutters, which are often used in conjunction with wood windows.
Wood shutters are generally used in rooms that do not want a lot of direct sunlight and can be found in doors or on the sides of windows. They generally come standard with screens rather than glass, so they are not technically considered windows.
26. Fiberglass Windows
Fiberglass windows are a very common material used in residential buildings, although they are not meant to be installed by the public.
Fiberglass windows are made of fiberglass and come in many different styles, including honeycomb, accordion and awning.
27. Stained Glass Windows
Stained Glass windows were originally used as a decorative technique to embellish churches and over time have become popular for use in modern architecture due to their classic appearance.
These types of windows are made up of various colored glass panes that are assembled together in a specific pattern.
They can also be found in different sizes and come equipped with a dimmer for adjusting the lighting.
Types of Windows In Building FAQs
1. How To Choose The Right Window
When choosing the right window for your home, there are many factors that need to be taken into consideration.
There are three main factors that will help you decide, but you also need to take into account the aesthetic appeal and functionality of each window style.
The three main factors are size, style and material. However, other factors that may come into play when making your decision include noise reduction, air infiltration reduction and warranty information.
2. What Window Types Are Appropriate In My House?
Windows are an important part of a home’s interior design.
There are many different types of windows available with each having their own benefits and drawbacks.
For example, some windows are energy-efficient while others are more aesthetically appealing.
There will also be other factors that need to be taken into account such as the structure of the home and where the window should be installed.
For many homeowners, the size of their home may also be a concern.
3. What Window Styles Are Available?
There are many different window styles available for purchase today that have a wide range of benefits and drawbacks.
For example, some types of windows have screens installed in them as a means to prevent insects and mosquitoes from entering the home while others come equipped with low-e glass to help reduce sunlight heating.
When choosing the right type of window for your home, it’s important to consider each different feature in order to obtain the best possible energy efficiency.
4. What Is Specialty Windows?
Specialty windows are a type of window that may have a certain aesthetic appeal over other types of windows.
It’s important to make sure that you’re getting the right type of specialty window for your home since they can be very expensive and can be very difficult to install correctly.
Many specialty windows usually require additional funding, such as storm windows or skylights.
5. What Is a Picture Window?
A picture window is a very common type of window that comes equipped with pull-down shades or blinds on the inside of the home that can be used to control how much sunlight enters the home.
Picture windows are usually very large and give homeowners a way to view their landscaping throughout the day as well as during various seasons, when seasonal flowers are in bloom, for example.
6. What Are Double Pane Windows?
Double pane windows are a type of window that comes equipped with two thin panes of glass, rather than one single pane, as seen in most homes today.
The reason why these types of windows are so popular is because they are very energy-efficient and can allow homeowners to save money on their energy bills as well as reduce noise levels in the home.
Double pane windows are one of the most common types of window found throughout the United States today.
These types of windows are very energy-efficient and can help to reduce your utility bills.
They come with two panes of glass that are separated by a layer of air.
7. What Is a Glass Block Window?
A glass block window is very similar to a picture window in that it has a pull-down shade or blind that can be used to regulate the amount of sunlight entering the home.
Glass blocks differ from picture windows in that they are very thin and do not usually cover the entire window.
8. What Are Casement Windows?
A casement window is similar to a double pane window, but can only be installed on the top portion of a home.
They are considered to be a very energy-efficient type of window, but they don’t come with the same benefits as a double pane window.
9. What Are Transom Windows?
A transom is a type of window that is usually found on top of doors or near doorways and is used to regulate the amount of light entering the home.
Transoms are also known as lintels and are very common in homes built during Colonial times.
10. What Are the Two Main Types of Windows?
Windows are an important part of a home’s interior.
There are two major types of windows to consider when purchasing a new home, while there are other types as well that may be used in conjunction with the ones mentioned below.
The two main types include transom windows and casement windows.
11. How is The History of Windows and Doors
Window, as a barrier or opening in a wall or partition, is a fairly abstract concept that has been in use for thousands of years. Prehistoric peoples used the windows as we know them today for ventilation and light.
Modern usage and understanding of the term may differ significantly between different cultures, for example, modern windows are sometimes capable of opening and closing whereas traditionally they were simply holes in a wall that were covered by movable shutters.
With the advent of the Industrial Revolution and the invention of operating machinery, windows also became an important part of factory design.
Cornices, shutters and mullions were added to separate windows into “stacked” or “jammed” rows which reduced building interiors to closely spaced monotonous facades.
In mixed-use districts, where factories and warehouses abut residential areas, windowless facades are almost unheard of. The use of whole-height windows has gained much popularity as well.
The concept of an open window has never been since the idea’s inception. The first open windows were seen in the Middle Ages when large and heavy wooden shutters were opened to either cool or heat a room.
In modern times, many building codes have opened the possibility for larger first-floor windows. Windows can be glazed with various types of glass (float glass, bullet-resistant glass, etc.).
The frames can be made of wood, metal, plastic or can be left bare if the structure is made out of non-combustible material.
Modern buildings may have several types of windows like:
“Appliance windows” on the other hand are defined as “windows designed for specific applications”. These are used in conjunction with appliances such as refrigerators, ovens and dishwashers. Modern appliance windows are usually found in bathrooms and kitchens.
Kilns are another type of small windows, usually found in washrooms or craft rooms. These small windows are made out of tempered glass and typically measure 10 to 12 inches wide by 6 to 8 inches high. Common uses for kilns are for display of artwork, fire resistant applications or ventilation.
Stained glass is a decorative technique used in architecture that dates back to the Middle Ages. With the invention of colored glass in Roman times, stained glass windows have been an integral part of religious buildings for centuries.
