What Is A Vernacular Architecture?
What Is A Vernacular Architecture?
Vernacular architecture refers to building that is done outside of academic tradition and without professional guidance. This encompasses a wide range of building types, methods of construction, and locations. It is estimated to make up 95% of the world’s built environment.
Vernacular architecture is typically designed to meet immediate, local needs and is influenced by the materials and cultural practices of the region.
The study of vernacular architecture has traditionally focused on the design skills and tradition of local builders, rather than formally trained architects. In recent years, vernacular architecture has been examined in the context of sustainable design.
Despite its prevalence and importance, the exact definition and boundaries of vernacular architecture are still a subject of debate among scholars.
Vernacular architecture is often overlooked in traditional histories of design and is considered a cultural expression as much as an architectural artifact.
History Of Vernacular Architecture
Vernacular architecture refers to traditional building practices passed down through generations, characterized by simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability.
These structures, dating back to ancient times, were often built by local tradesmen using locally-acquired skills, and many pre-17th century buildings are considered vernacular.
The term became part of architectural discourse in the 19th century when colonialists encountered different building styles, and was viewed negatively by architects who considered their own style superior.
However, over time, the term has come to encompass various styles of homes around the world, and the work of Bernard Rudofsky in the 1960s brought renewed attention to these often overlooked building methods.
Characteristics Of Vernacular Architecture
Vernacular Architecture is a form of design and construction that is produced as a result of local needs and traditions. Vernacular architecture is characterized by its simplicity and practicality, as it is typically built by local communities using inexpensive, locally-sourced materials.
Unlike other architectural styles, vernacular architecture places less emphasis on rules or aesthetics and more on creating functional and efficient homes.
Some ways to distinguish vernacular architecture include the use of utilitarian design and affordable materials, the evolution of design based on builders’ experiences, the incorporation of local technology, social conditions and culture, and the reflection of the local climate in the design of the home.
What Is The Purpose Of Vernacular Architecture?
Vernacular architecture is a tradition that utilizes locally sourced materials and promotes sustainable practices, particularly in the Middle East where it is infused with cultural values.
These values are reflected in construction techniques that are tailored to the local climate, lifestyle, customs, and culture. These techniques are simple, easy to implement, and environmentally friendly. Vernacular architecture plays a crucial role in regulating the temperature in buildings.
Alpin consultants, who are experienced in green building certifications, use their expertise to address the challenges of modern construction, such as heat control, by incorporating outdoor shading and other elements that meet certifications such as BREEAM, LEED, or WELL, which promote thermal comfort and lighting.
Vernacular Architecture Examples
The Sheikh Zayed Mosque and Al-Bahar Towers in Abu Dhabi are both examples of vernacular architecture, using elements such as light colors, courtyards, water features, and shaded corridors for natural ventilation and cooling.
The orientation and layout of the buildings also impact their function, with openings placed to take advantage of wind flow.
The Al-Bahar Towers also incorporates a modern twist with its use of flower-shaped louvers on the glass facade, which serve as a traditional mashrabiya to regulate light and air.
These louvers respond dynamically to the intensity of light throughout the day, providing shade on the sunny sides of the building.